Zitholele Izimfihlo Zezigqizo ZaseJapane: Guqula Inhlanhla Nempilo Yakho
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Isikhathi sokufunda 10 imiz
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Isikhathi sokufunda 10 imiz
Ingabe unentshisekelo yokufunda ngezwe eliyimfihlakalo lezigqizo ezivela eJapan? Lezi ziphandla sezisetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka ukuze zilethe inhlanhla, isivikelo, nokuchuma kubanikazi bazo. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena ngokujulile emlandweni othakazelisayo kanye nezimpawu ezingemuva Iziphazamiso zaseJapane, futhi uhlole izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-talisman ongazithola e-Japan namuhla.
Izigqizo zaseJapane, ezaziwa nangokuthi "omamori" ngesi-Japanese, izintelezi ezincane, eziphathwayo ngokuvamile ezenziwe ngephepha, ukhuni, noma indwangu. Lawa ma-talisman avame ukuthengiswa ezindaweni ezingcwele nasemathempelini kulo lonke elase-Japan, futhi kukholakala ukuthi anikeza isivikelo kanye nenhlanhla kubanikazi bawo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezigqila eJapane kuhlehlela emuva ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi kungalandelelwa emuva enkolweni yomdabu yobuShinto. Abefundisi bobuShinto babekholelwa ukuthi imimoya, eyaziwa ngokuthi “i-kami,” ihlala kuzo zonke izinto zemvelo, kuhlanganise nezihlahla, amadwala, nemithombo yamanzi. Lawa ma-kami ayekholelwa ukuthi anamandla akhethekile ayengasetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa iziphandla nezinye izinto ezingcwele.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwezigqizo kwanda, futhi iziphandla zaqala ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amasiko enkolo, njengobuBuddha. Namuhla, izigqizo zaseJapane ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lamaJapane, futhi zisetshenziswa abantu babo bonke ubudala nezizinda.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezigqizo zaseJapane, ngayinye inophawu nenjongo yayo ehlukile. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-amulets zihlanganisa:
Ukuze usebenzise i-amulet yaseJapane, ngokuvamile uyiphatha ephaketheni lakho noma esikhwameni, noma uyilengise endaweni evelele ekhaya noma ehhovisi lakho. Kubalulekile ukuphatha i-amulet yakho ngenhlonipho nangenhlonipho, njengoba kukholakala ukuthi iqukethe amandla angokomoya anamandla.
Uma uqala ukuthola i-amulet yakho, kuwumkhuba ukuthi ibusiswe ngumpristi noma indela endaweni engcwele noma ethempelini. Lokhu kukholakala ukuthi kuthuthukisa amandla nokusebenza kwe-amulet.
Iziphandla zaseJapan zingathengwa ezindaweni ezingcwele namathempeli amaningi kulo lonke elaseJapan, kanye naku-inthanethi. Lapho uthenga i-amulet, kubalulekile ukukhetha ehambisana nezinhloso zakho nezinhloso zakho. Ezinye iziphandla zingase zifaneleke kakhulu ezimweni ezithile noma izimo kunezinye.
Izigqizo zaseJapan ziyindlela ethokozisayo nenamandla yokuxhumana namandla omoya aseJapan. Noma ngabe ufuna ukuvikeleka, inhlanhla, noma ukuchuma, kune-amulet engakusiza ukufeza izinhloso zakho. Ngakho-ke kungani ungahloli umhlaba wama-talismans aseJapane namuhla, futhi uzitholele umlingo?
Omamori: I-Omamori ingenye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zezigqizo zaseJapan. Zincane, izikhwama zendwangu ngokuvamile ezenziwe ngosilika noma i-brocade, futhi zigcwele imithandazo, imibhalo, noma ezinye izinto ezingcwele. Ama-Omamori ngokuvamile athengiswa ezindaweni ezingcwele zamaShinto nasemathempelini amaBuddha, futhi kukholakala ukuthi anikeza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zesivikelo, inhlanhla, nezibusiso kumphathi. Angathwalwa ngezikhwama noma alengiswe ezindlini, ezimotweni, noma kwezinye izindawo.
UDoli waseDaruma: Unodoli we-Daruma uyi-talisman yaseJapane yendabuko emele u-Bodhidharma, umsunguli we-Zen Buddhism. Ivamise ukuba yindilinga futhi iyigobongo, inobuso obunombala oqinile futhi ayinazo izingalo noma imilenze. Lapho ethenga unodoli weDaruma, elinye iso lishiywa lingenalutho, elinye ligcwale. Umuntu wenza isifiso noma azibekele umgomo abese egcwalisa ngeso lesibili lapho sigcwaliseka. Unodoli weDaruma uwuphawu lokuphikelela, ukuzimisela, kanye nenhlanhla.
I-Maneki-neko: I-Maneki-neko, eyaziwa nangokuthi "ikati elincengayo," iyintelezi edumile yaseJapan okukholakala ukuthi iletha inhlanhla nenhlanhla kumnikazi wayo. Ngokuvamile umfanekiso we-ceramic noma wepulasitiki wekati onesidladla esisodwa esiphakanyiswe kusenzo sokuncenga. I-paw ephakanyisiwe kukholakala ukuthi iheha ingcebo namakhasimende, iyenze ivame ukuvezwa ezitolo nasemabhizinisini. I-Maneki-neko itholakala ngemibala eyahlukene, futhi ukuma kwesidladla esiphakanyisiwe kungaba nezincazelo ezihlukene, njengokumema amakhasimende noma ukuletha inhlanhla evamile.
Inari-zushi: I-Inari-zushi iwuhlobo lwe-amulet ehlotshaniswa nonkulunkulu wamaShinto u-Inari, unkulunkulu werayisi nezolimo. Kuyisikhwama esincane esenziwe ngesikhumba se-tofu noma indwangu, egcwele irayisi futhi ngezinye izikhathi neminye iminikelo. I-Inari-zushi ivame ukubunjwa njengobuso bempungushe, njengoba izimpungushe kukholakala ukuthi ziyizithunywa zika-Inari. Lezi zigqizo zinikezwa ezindaweni ezingcwele zase-Inari ukuze kufuneke ukuvikelwa, isivuno esichichimayo, nokuchuma kwebhizinisi.
Ema: Ama-Ema ayizingcwecwe zokhuni ezivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezingcwele zobuShinto. Zivame ukubunjwa njengonxande noma izikwele futhi zibe nohlangothi olungenalutho lapho abantu bengabhala khona izifiso zabo noma imithandazo. Uma umlayezo usubhaliwe, i-ema ilengiswa endaweni ekhethiwe noma odongeni ngaphakathi kwenkundla yethempeli. Inkolelo iwukuthi onkulunkulu bazofunda izifiso futhi basize ekugcwalisekeni kwazo. I-Ema ingatholakala ngosayizi nemiklamo ehlukahlukene, enezithombe zezilwane, izimpawu zezinkanyezi, noma izinhlamvu ezidumile.
Ofuda: I-Ofuda i-amulet yephepha ebusiswa umpristi wamaShinto futhi ngokuvamile inanyathiselwa odongeni noma endaweni yotshwala ekhaya noma emsebenzini. Imelela ukuba khona kukankulunkulu othile wamaShinto futhi kukholelwa ukuthi inikeza isivikelo nezibusiso endlini. Ngokuvamile i-Ofuda ivuselelwa minyaka yonke phakathi nomkhosi okhethekile oba sezindlini ezingcwele zobuShinto. Zibhekwa njengezingcwele futhi kufanele ziphathwe ngenhlonipho.
Shichifukujin: I-Shichifukujin, noma Onkulunkulu Abayisikhombisa Benhlanhla, iqembu lonkulunkulu abavela kuzo zombili izinganekwane zamaJapane nezamaShayina. Zivame ukuvezwa ndawonye ezigqilini, emiqulwini, noma emifanekisweni. Unkulunkulu ngamunye umelela uhlobo oluhlukile lwenhlanhla noma isibusiso, njengengcebo, ukuphila isikhathi eside, injabulo, noma impumelelo. Ukuthwala noma ukuveza isithombe seShichifukujin kukholakala ukuthi kuletha inhlanhla nenala ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila.
Hamaya: I-Hamaya, eyaziwa nangokuthi "imicibisholo ephula amademoni," imicibisholo yokhuni esetshenziswa njengezigqizo ezivikelayo kumlando wamaJapane. Avame ukuthengiswa ngesikhathi sikaNcibijane futhi kukholakala ukuthi axosha imimoya emibi futhi alethe izinhlanhla. I-Hamaya ingavezwa ezindlini, ilengiswe ezindongeni, noma ifakwe ngaphakathi kwezimoto njengendlela yokuzivikela.
I-Goshuin: I-Goshuin iwuhlobo lwe-amulet etholakala emathempelini amaBuddha nasezindaweni zokukhulekela zamaShinto eJapane. Iqukethe uphawu lwe-calligraphic noma umbhalo, ovame ukugxivizwa noma ubhalwe ngesandla umpristi wethempeli noma we-shrine, ephepheni lephepha lokuhlobisa. I-Goshuin isebenza njengobufakazi bokuvakashelwa futhi iqoqwa izivakashi njengendlela yokwamukela izibusiso ezivela konkulunkulu nokuveza ukuzinikela. Abantu bavame ukugcina lezi zigqizo ezincwadini ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngokuthi "goshuincho."
Koma-inu: I-Koma-inu, eyaziwa nangokuthi "izinja zamabhubesi" noma "amabhubesi agadayo," izidalwa zenganekwane ezivame ukutholakala ekungeneni kwezindawo ezingcwele zamaShinto namathempeli amaBuddha. Lezi zithombe zamatshe noma zokhuni zivame ukuvezwa njengezidalwa ezinjengengonyama, eyodwa inomlomo ovulekile (Agyo) kanti enye inomlomo ovaliwe (Ungyo). I-Koma-inu kukholakala ukuthi ivikela indawo engcwele futhi ixosha imimoya emibi. Zibhekwa njengezigqila zokuvikela futhi zivame ukubonwa njengezimpawu zamandla, isibindi, nokugcinwa kwaphezulu.
Fuda: I-Fuda yiziphandla zephepha ezincane ezibhalwe imibhalo yenkolo noma imithandazo. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ku-esoteric Buddhism futhi zihlotshaniswa nezithixo ezithile noma imikhuba yamaBuddha. I-Fuda ingaphathwa ngezikhwama zemali noma emaphaketheni, ibekwe kuma-altare asekhaya, noma ixhunywe ezintweni zomuntu siqu. Kukholakala ukuthi banikeza isivikelo esingokomoya, ukuphulukisa, noma isiqondiso esisekelwe kunkulunkulu noma umkhuba abawumelelayo.
Khumbula, lezi zigqizo zibambe ukubaluleka kwamasiko nezenkolo e-Japan futhi zivame ukutholwa futhi zisetshenziswe ngaphakathi kwezimo ezithile nemikhuba ethile. Izincazelo nezinkolelo zabo zingahluka phakathi kwabantu nezifunda, kodwa ngokuvamile zisebenza njengezikhumbuzo ezibambekayo zengokomoya, ukuvikelwa, kanye nezibusiso ngesiko lamaJapane.
I-omamori iyi-amulet yendabuko yaseJapane, ngokuvamile evalwa esikhwameni sendwangu esihlotshiswe kahle, esivame ukuthengiswa ezindaweni ezingcwele zamaShinto nasemathempelini amaBuddha eJapane. Lezi zigqizo kukholakala ukuthi zinikeza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlanhla noma ukuvikela.
Ama-Omamori anezimpande enkolweni yamaShinto kodwa futhi namathonya abalulekile obuBuddha. Zisukela emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, zihlanganisa isiko lasendulo lamaJapane lokukholelwa emandleni emimoya yaphezulu noma "kami." Lezi zigqizo ekuqaleni zenziwe ngephepha noma ngokhuni, kodwa namuhla, ngokuvamile ziyizikhwama ezincane ezenziwe ngendwangu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-omamori, ngayinye inenhloso ethile noma isivikelo kokuthile. Ezinye ezivame kakhulu yilezi: I-Kotsu-anzen: yokuphepha kwethrafikhi. I-Gakugyo-joju: impumelelo ezifundweni. En-musubi: ukuthola umaqondana nomshado. I-Yaku-yoke: yokugwema ububi. I-Shobai-hanjo: yokuchuma kwebhizinisi. I-Anzan: ukubeletha okuphephile.
Ama-Omamori ngokuvamile azithengelwa wona noma anikezwe njengesipho komunye umuntu. Ngemva kokuthenga, i-omamori ngokuvamile igcinwa iseduze nomuntu okuhloswe ngayo ukumvikela. Ngokwesibonelo, i-omamori yokuhamba okuphephile ingase ibekwe emotweni, i-omamori ukuze uphumelele ezifundweni ingase igcinwe esikhwameni sepensela somfundi, noma i-omamori yezempilo ingase igcinwe ekhaya.
Ama-Omamori ngokuvamile agcinwa unyaka. Ngemva kwaleso sikhathi, kuwumkhuba ukubuyisela i-omamori endaweni engcwele noma ethempelini lapho ithengwe khona ukuze ilahlwe ngokufanele ngokushiswa okungokwesiko, okwaziwa ngokuthi 'i-otakiage.' Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubonga umoya ngesivikelo sawo unyaka wonke. Kuyisiko ukuthi bese uthenga i-omamori entsha yonyaka ozayo.
Yebo, noma ubani angakwazi ukuthenga i-omamori. Awudingi ukulandela izinkolelo zobuShinto noma zamaBuddha ukuze uyithenge noma uyithole. Zivame ukuthengwa izivakashi njengesikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele nesiphusile esivela e-Japan.
Yebo, kuthathwa njengokudelela ukuvula i-omamori. Ingqikithi kamoya ye-omamori ihlala ngaphakathi kwesikhwama esivaliwe, futhi ukusivula kukholelwa ukuthi kuzohlakaza isivikelo nenhlanhla esikunikezayo. Kunconywa ukuhlonipha ukubaluleka kwamasiko futhi kugcinwe kuvaliwe. Khumbula, lezi yizinto zendabuko nezenkolo kubantu abaningi, ngakho kufanele ziphathwe ngenhlonipho, ngisho noma zithengwa njengesikhumbuzo noma isipho.
I-Ofuda iwuhlobo lwe-amulet yaseJapane ekhishwa ithempeli lamaShinto. Ivamise ukuvaleka esikhwameni futhi ingafakwa ku-kamidana (i-altare lamaShinto lasendlini), noma ixhunywe ngqo odongeni noma insika. Kukholakala ukuthi ivikela umndeni ekhaya ezinhlekeleleni futhi iwubusise ngokuthula.
I-Kamidana ithempeli elincane lamaShinto elivame ukutholakala ezindlini zaseJapane. Isebenza njengendlu yonkulunkulu bamaShinto, futhi ngokuvamile ibamba ama-fuda amaningana. Yindawo yemithandazo neminikelo yansuku zonke.
Ama-Ema ayizingcwecwe zokhuni abakhulekeli bobuShinto ababhala kuzo imithandazo noma izifiso zabo. Khona-ke ama-ema ashiywa elenga endaweni engcwele, lapho ama-kami (imimoya noma onkulunkulu) bengawamukela.
Onodoli baseDaruma bangonodoli bendabuko baseJapane abangenalutho, abayindilinga abalingiswa uBodhidharma, umsunguli weZen Buddhism. Zivame ukusetshenziswa njengophawu lokuphikelela kanye nenhlanhla. Lapho kuthengwa, amehlo eDaruma asuke engenalutho. Iso elilodwa ligcwaliswa ngenkathi ubeka umgomo, futhi elinye ligcwaliswa lapho umgomo ufinyelelwa.
I-Maneki-neko iyi-talisman yaseJapane evamile okukholelwa ukuthi iletha inhlanhla kumnikazi. Yaziwa nangokuthi "ikati elincengayo." Ivamise ukuvezwa njengekati elihlezi phezulu futhi lincenga ngodladla olulodwa, futhi lingatholakala emabhizinisini, ezitolo, ezindaweni zokudlela, nasezindlini.
Yebo, awudingi ukuba ngowenkolo ethile noma uhlelo lwenkolelo ukuze usebenzise lezi zigqizo. Ngokuvamile zithengwa izivakashi noma zinikezwe njengezipho. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuphatha lezi zinto zamasiko nezenkolo ngenhlonipho.
Ngokufanayo ne-omamori, kuhle ukubuyisela lezi zigqizo endaweni engcwele noma ethempelini ezithengwe kulo, njengoba ngokuvamile zishiswa ngokwesiko ekupheleni konyaka emcimbini obizwa ngokuthi 'i-otakiage'. Lo mkhuba ungase ungenzeki kubavakashi noma labo abahlala ngaphandle kwase-Japan, ngakho ukuzilahla ngenhlonipho ekhaya ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengokwamukelekayo kulezi zimo. Kuthathwa njengokungahloniphi ukuwalahla kudoti ojwayelekile.
Qalisa uhambo oluyimilingo ngokufinyelela okukhethekile ekuhlakanipheni kwasendulo kanye nomlingo wesimanje esithangamini sethu esiku-inthanethi esikhanyisiwe. Vula izimfihlo zendawo yonke, kusukela ku-Olympian Spirits kuya ku-Guardian Angels, futhi uguqule impilo yakho ngamasiko anamandla neziphonso. Umphakathi wethu unikeza umtapo wolwazi omkhulu wezinsiza, izibuyekezo zamasonto onke, nokufinyelela ngokushesha lapho ujoyina. Xhuma, funda, futhi ukhule nabanye odokotela endaweni esekelayo. Zitholele ukunikwa amandla komuntu siqu, ukukhula ngokomoya, kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba wangempela komlingo. Joyina manje futhi uvumele uhambo lwakho lomlingo luqale!