Imuphi unkulunkulu wamaGreki omelela umculo? Umculo ku-Mythology yamaGreki

Njengoba singena ezweni elithakazelisayo lezinganekwane zamaGreki, sethulwa ngoquqaba olukhulu lonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi, ngamunye unezizinda zawo namandla ahlukile. Esinye sezihloko ezidume kakhulu ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki umculo, futhi abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi yimuphi unkulunkulu noma unkulunkulukazi owumele. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola onkulunkulu bomculo bezinganekwane zamaGreki futhi sithole ukuthi ubani unkulunkulu womculo. Ngakho, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake siqale!

Umculo waba nendima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwamaGreki asendulo, futhi kwakukholelwa ukuthi uvela kuNkulunkulu. Kwakunenkolelo yokuthi umculo uyisipho esivela konkulunkulu futhi unamandla okuphulukisa, ukududuza, nokukhuthaza. Umculo wawuhlotshaniswa nezinkondlo, umdanso, neshashalazi, futhi wawuyingxenye ebalulekile yemikhosi yenkolo nemikhosi.

Kwakukhona onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi abaningana ababehlotshaniswa nomculo wezinganekwane zamaGreki. Nazi ezinye ezivelele kakhulu:

U-Apollo: UNkulunkulu Womculo Nobuciko

U-Apollo wayengomunye wonkulunkulu ababaluleke kakhulu ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, futhi wayehlotshaniswa nomculo, izinkondlo, isiprofetho, nobuciko. Wayevame ukuvezwa edlala ihabhu, insimbi yomculo enezintambo efana nehabhu elincane. U-Apollo naye wayengunkulunkulu welanga, futhi wayevame ukuvezwa egibele inqola yakhe yegolide esibhakabhakeni.

I-Muses: Onkulunkulukazi Bomculo Nobuciko

AmaMuse kwakuyiqembu lonkulunkulukazi ababehlotshaniswa nomculo, izinkondlo, umdanso, nobunye ubuciko bokudala. KwakunamaMuse ayisishiyagalolunye esewonke, futhi ngamunye wabo wayenomthwalo wemfanelo wohlobo oluhlukile lobuciko. UCalliope ubeyiMuse yezinkondlo ezidumile, kanti i-Euterpe ibiyiMuse yomculo nezinkondlo zamagama.

3.Pan: UNkulunkulu Wabelusi Nomculo

UPan wayengunkulunkulu wasendle, abelusi, nemihlambi, kodwa wayehlotshaniswa nomculo. Wayevame ukuvezwa edlala umtshingo wepani, insimbi yomculo eyenziwe ngomhlanga. UPan wayaziwa ngokuziphatha kwakhe okubi, futhi wayevame ukubonakala edlala ehlathini nabangane bakhe.

Umculo waba nendima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwamaGreki asendulo, futhi kwakukholelwa ukuthi uvela kuNkulunkulu. Onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi abaningana babehlotshaniswa nomculo wezinganekwane zamaGreki, kuhlanganise no-Apollo, amaMuses, kanye Pan. Ngesikhathi Apollo uvame ukubhekwa njengonkulunkulu womculo, amaMuses nawo ayengonkulunkulukazi ababalulekile bomculo nokudala. U-Pan wayengomunye unkulunkulu ohlotshaniswa nomculo, futhi wayaziwa ngokudlala nokuhlukumeza. Sithemba ukuthi ukujabulele ukufunda ngonkulunkulu bomculo bezinganekwane zamaGreki nokubaluleka kwabo esikweni lamaGreki lasendulo.

1. Ubani unkulunkulu womculo ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki? Unkulunkulu womculo ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki uvame ukubhekwa njengo-Apollo. Wayehlotshaniswa nomculo, izinkondlo, iziprofetho nobuciko. Apollo kwakuvame ukuvezwa kudlalwa ihabhu, insimbi yomculo enezintambo efana nehabhu elincane. Wayengunkulunkulu welanga futhi wayevame ukuvezwa egibele inqola yakhe yegolide esibhakabhakeni.
2. Umculo waba kanjani nendima esikweni nasenkolweni yamaGreki asendulo? Umculo waba nendima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwamaGreki asendulo, futhi kwakukholelwa ukuthi unomsuka waphezulu. Yayivame ukusetshenziswa emikhosini yenkolo nemikhosi futhi yayihlotshaniswa nokuphulukisa, ugqozi, nekhono lokusungula izinto. Umculo nawo wawuyingxenye ebalulekile yaseshashalazini, umdanso, nezinkondlo.
3. Ayengobani amaMuse ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, futhi yayiyini imithwalo yemfanelo yawo? AmaMuse kwakuyiqembu lonkulunkulukazi abayisishiyagalolunye basezinganekwaneni zamaGreki ababehlotshaniswa nomculo, izinkondlo, umdanso, nobunye ubuciko bokudala. I-Muses ngayinye yayinomsebenzi wohlobo oluhlukile lobuciko. I-calliope kwakuyiMuse yezinkondlo ezidumile, kuyilapho i-Euterpe yayiyiMuse yomculo nezinkondlo zamagama. I-Muses kukholakala ukuthi ikhuthaza abaculi nababhali futhi yayibhekwa njengomfanekiso wobuciko bobuciko.
4. Yiziphi izinsimbi zomculo ezazidumile eGrisi lasendulo? Izinsimbi zomculo eziningana zazidumile eGreece yasendulo, kuhlanganise nehabhu, i- kithara, i- aulos, nomtshingo wepan. Ihabhu kwakuyinsimbi yomculo enezintambo efana nehabhu elincane, kuyilapho i- kithara yayiwuhlobo olukhudlwana lwehabhu. I-aulos yayiyinsimbi enezinhlanga ezimbili efana ne-oboe, futhi umtshingo wepani wawuyinsimbi yomculo eyenziwe ngomhlanga.
5. Ingabe umculo wawusetshenziswa eshashalazini yamaGreki, futhi uma kunjalo, kanjani? Yebo, umculo wawuyingxenye ebalulekile yaseshashalazini yamaGreki. Umculo wawusetshenziselwa ukudala isimo sengqondo nomoya, futhi wawuvame ukudlalwa phakathi nezigcawu ezivusa amadlingozi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ithonya elingokomzwelo lomsebenzi. Ikhorasi, iqembu labadlali ababecula futhi bedansa phakathi nomdlalo, laliyingxenye ebalulekile yaseshashalazini yamaGreki futhi ngokuvamile lalihambisana nezinsimbi zomculo.
6. AmaGreki ayekholelwa kanjani ukuthi umculo wawunomsuka waphezulu? AmaGreki asendulo ayekholelwa ukuthi umculo unemvelaphi yaphezulu nokuthi wawuyisipho esivela konkulunkulu. Babekholelwa ukuthi amaMuses ayenomthwalo wemfanelo wabaculi nababhali abakhuthazayo nokuthi umculo unamandla okuphulukisa, ukududuza, nokukhuthaza. Umculo wawubuye uhlotshaniswe nemikhosi yenkolo nemikhosi futhi wawubhekwa njengendlela yokuxhumana noNkulunkulu.
7. Obani ababengabaculi abadume kakhulu ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki? Kwakukhona abaculi abaningana abadumile basezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, kuhlanganise no-Orpheus, owayaziwa ngekhono lakhe lehabhu kanye nekhono lakhe lokujabulisa ngisho nonkulunkulu ngomculo wakhe. U-Arion ngomunye umculi odumile okuthiwa wasinda ekugwilizeni yiqembu lamahlengethwa ayethakathwa wumculo wakhe.
8. Ingabe bakhona onkulunkulu noma onkulunkulukazi ababenokuhlangana okungekuhle nomculo? Akunjalo. Nokho, abanye onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi babehlotshaniswa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomculo noma izinsimbi zomculo. Ngokwesibonelo, u-Apollo wayevame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo, kuyilapho I-Dionysus, unkulunkulu wewayini nokuzijabulisa, wayehlotshaniswa ne- aulos, insimbi yomculo enemihlanga emibili.
9. Umculo washintsha futhi wavela kanjani kuwo wonke umlando wamaGreki? Umculo eGreece yasendulo wavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngezitayela ezahlukene nezinsimbi ezaduma ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Isikhathi sakudala sabona ukwanda kwamafomu amasha omculo, njenge-symphony nekhonsathi. Phakathi nenkathi yamaGreki, umculo waba yinkimbinkimbi futhi uvivinya, abaculi behlola amasu nezitayela ezintsha.
10. Umculo wamaGreki ube namuphi umthelela emculweni wesimanje? Umculo wamaGreki ube nomthelela omkhulu emculweni wesimanje, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zomculo wakudala nowesintu. Abaqambi abaningi besimanje bezingoma zakudala baye bathonywa amafomu namasu omculo athuthukiswa amaGreki asendulo, kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa kokuvumelana nokuphikisana. Ukwengeza, umculo wesintu wamaGreki ukhuthaze abaculi emhlabeni wonke, ngezigqi nezinsimbi ezihlukile, njenge-bouzouki, ezihlanganiswe nezinhlobonhlobo zomculo. Umculo wamaGreki nawo ubambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni komculo odumile, ngabaculi abafana no-Nana Mouskouri no-Demis Roussos abazuza impumelelo yamazwe ngamazwe ngenhlanganisela yabo eyingqayizivele yomculo wesintu wamaGreki kanye ne-pop yesimanje. Sekukonke, ifa lomculo elicebile laseGreece lasendulo liyaqhubeka nokugqugquzela nokuthonya abaculi nezethameli ngokufanayo, ngisho nasenkathini yanamuhla.